Coagulation
The coagulation process is a pivotal step in municipal water treatment, ensuring the production of potable water.
It involves adding chemical coagulants to raw water, destabilizing and aggregating colloidal and suspended particles for removal in subsequent processes
Components and Materials
1- Coagulants
- Aluminum-Based (Alum): Commonly used, forms aluminum hydroxide.
- Polyalanine Chlorides (PAC): Higher charge density, efficient at lower doses.
- Ferric Salts: Examples include ferric chloride and ferric sulfate.
2- Mixing Equipment
- Flash Mixers: Rapidly disperse coagulant for intense, short-duration mixing.
4- Dosage Control System
- Chemical Feed Systems: Ensure precise coagulant dosing for effective treatment.
Coagulation Process
- Chemical Addition
- Rapid Mixing (Flash Mixing)
- Flocculation (Optional)
- pH Adjustment (If Necessary)
